Amid a deteriorating security situation, Pakistan’s top civilian and military leaders have decided to launch a new multi-faceted nationwide counter-terrorism operation, named Operation Azm-e-Istekam (Resolved for Stability). Approved by a meeting of leaders chaired by Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, this comprehensive and decisive approach is not merely a reactionary measure but a strategically essential move for the survival and prosperity of the nation.
Pakistan is plagued by almost daily terrorist attacks targeting mostly security personnel. This alarming frequency of attacks highlights the urgent need for a robust, multi-pronged approach to counterterrorism. According to the South Asia Terror Portal, the country has seen over 300 terrorism-related deaths so far this year. In the first half of 2024 alone, dozens of security personnel have tragically lost their lives in militant attacks and counterterrorism operations. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan provinces bordering Afghanistan have been the epicenters of such violence. Last year, the country recorded its highest terrorism death toll in six years, highlighting the growing threat posed by militant groups, especially the Pakistani Taliban Movement (TTP). The TTP, reportedly based in neighboring Afghanistan, is a major source of terrorism in Pakistan, despite the Afghan Taliban denying any cross-border activity.
The Need for a New Strategy
Given this challenging situation, Operation Azm-e-Istekam is not only timely but also necessary. The multi-pronged nature of the operation seeks to address terrorism through enhanced military operations, comprehensive legislative measures, and enhanced regional cooperation. This approach is a significant improvement over previous counter-terrorism strategies, which were often reactive and lacked a cohesive framework. The Supreme Committee for National Action Plan, which reviewed the ongoing counter-terrorism operations, highlighted the need for legislative reforms to ensure effective prosecution of terrorism-related cases. Historically, Pakistan’s judicial system has struggled to convict terror suspects due to lack of evidence and loopholes in the law. The new operation seeks to fill these gaps, empower law enforcement agencies to exact punishment on terrorists, and increase the deterrent effect of legal consequences.
Diplomatic aspects and regional cooperation
In addition to military and legal measures, Azm-e-Isteqam incorporates a strong diplomatic component aimed at reducing terrorist operating space through regional cooperation. This is particularly important as terrorism in Pakistan is often linked to regional developments, particularly the situation in Afghanistan. By fostering stronger ties and cooperation with neighboring countries, Pakistan can address the root causes of terrorism and more effectively prevent cross-border extremist activity.
Ensuring the safety of Chinese citizens
A key aspect of the new counterterrorism operation is the emphasis on protecting Chinese nationals working in Pakistan. This emphasis comes as China, a key economic partner, is under increasing pressure to ensure the safety of its workers following several deadly attacks on Chinese nationals in recent years. The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a flagship project of China’s Belt and Road Initiative, has been a particular target of terrorists, putting billions of dollars of investment and critical infrastructure development at risk. Following a horrific attack in March that killed five Chinese nationals and their Pakistani driver, Pakistan is redoubled efforts to enhance protection of Chinese nationals. The new standard operating procedures (SOPs) and the formation of a specialized security unit underscore Islamabad’s commitment to address Beijing’s security concerns. The move is not only vital to maintaining a strong bilateral relationship but also to ensure a continued inflow of Chinese investments that are vital to Pakistan’s economic stability.
Learning from past operations
Pakistan’s history of counterterrorism operations, particularly those conducted between 2009 and 2017, offers valuable lessons for Azm-e-Isteqam. Past operations were successful in eliminating thousands of militants and dismantling terrorist cells, but also resulted in significant collateral damage, including mass displacement of civilians and widespread destruction of property. New operations must address these challenges carefully, taking care that military action does not exacerbate the suffering of local residents or erode public support. The recent wave of jirgas in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa reflects growing concerns among local communities about militant violence and frequent counterterrorism operations. It is essential that Azm-e-Isteqam incorporates the voices and concerns of these communities and fosters a collaborative approach to security that prioritizes the protection of civilians and the restoration of normalcy.
Operation Azm-e-Isteqam is a crucial and timely intervention in Pakistan’s ongoing fight against terrorism. This comprehensive strategy, integrating military, legal and diplomatic efforts, seeks to decisively counter the threat of extremism and terrorism. The success of the operation hinges on our ability to apply lessons learned from past operations, address legal and operational challenges, and ensure the cooperation of regional partners. In the face of growing security threats and the urgent need to protect domestic and international stakeholders, Operation Azm-e-Isteqam stands as a beacon of resolve for stability. It is a bold statement of Pakistan’s commitment to eradicating terrorism in all its forms and ensuring a safer and more prosperous future for its people.
