Researchers are exploring new approaches to treat glioblastoma, including the use of nanoparticles and stimuli-responsive biomaterials that can modulate immune cells and deliver biomedicines. These systems aim to target the tumor microenvironment and potentially resensitize glioblastoma to chemo-immunotherapy. Various studies are investigating the potential of enzyme-responsive nanoparticles, peptide-drug conjugates, and other novel methods to combat glioblastoma.