Researchers are exploring methods to capture and understand the genetic makeup of active microbiomes in various environments. Studies are utilizing techniques such as stable isotope probing, metatranscriptomics, and CRISPR-Cas spacer acquisition to investigate microbial activity and gene expression in different contexts, including the human body and environmental samples. The focus of these efforts appears to be on gaining insights into the dynamics of microbiomes, including horizontal gene transfer, microbial growth and death, and the role of microbiomes in ecosystems and diseases.