A supervolcano explosion may have occurred around 74,000 years ago, potentially bringing human population numbers to a critically low level, possibly under 1,000. However, evidence suggests that early humans may have survived this event, with some indications that they lived through the eruption and its aftermath, which may have included a volcanic winter. The eruption's impact on human migration patterns is still being studied, with some research suggesting it may have played a role in humanity's migration out of Africa.