Fecal microbiota transplantation is being researched for its potential therapeutic benefits in various areas, including treating depressive episodes, improving functional constipation, and aiding in recovery after stem cell transplantation. The treatment is also being explored as a possible alternative method for addressing obesity and as a way to prevent graft-versus-host disease. Additionally, scientists are working to develop new methods, such as engineered gut bacteria therapy and tracking donor bacteria, to improve the efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation.