A massive volcanic eruption is believed to have occurred around 74,000 years ago, causing a global "volcanic winter" that may have significantly reduced the early human population. The eruption's impact on human survival is still being studied, with some reports suggesting the population was reduced to under 1,000 people, while others indicate that humans may have found ways to survive the disaster. Archaeological findings, including stone tools and ancient campsites, are providing clues about how humans may have endured this catastrophic event.