Researchers are exploring the use of nanomaterials to enhance cancer therapy, with various approaches being investigated, including the use of pyroptosis, big data, and smart nanocarriers. These strategies aim to improve the effectiveness of cancer treatments, such as radiotherapy and immunotherapy, and may involve the use of biomaterials, radiomics, and other technologies. The potential applications of nanotechnology in cancer treatment are being studied for different types of cancer, including breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and other tumors.