A non-invasive method using magnetic guidance has been developed to deliver CRISPR-Cas9/gRNA across the blood-brain barrier, potentially targeting latent HIV-1 infection. The approach may focus on microglial cells, which are thought to be a main reservoir of HIV-1 in the brain. The technology is part of a broader field of biomedical nanotechnology, which is also being explored for applications in areas such as oncology and managing the COVID-19 pandemic.