Researchers have developed models to predict the risk of avian influenza outbreaks, including highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), by studying the activity of waterbirds and their migratory patterns. Studies have identified global hotspots for avian flu and created datasets to track the movement of wild bird hosts for the virus. The research aims to understand the role of wild bird migrations and global poultry trade in the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza.