Research is focusing on the metabolic control of neuroinflammation, particularly the role of itaconate and its derivatives in central nervous system disorders. Itaconate is also being studied for its potential therapeutic applications in various conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and cancer. The effects of itaconate appear to be complex, with some studies suggesting it may have both beneficial and detrimental impacts depending on the context.