Research on non-human primate models of parkinson's disease is underway to better understand the disease's pathogenesis and develop new therapies. Studies are also exploring the potential of other models, including rodent models of white matter pathology and neuropathogenesis-on-chips, to advance understanding of neurodegenerative diseases. The work is part of broader efforts to decode the complex interactions between different systems in the body, including the gut-immune-brain axis, to improve treatment of diseases like parkinson's.