Northwestern Medicine has successfully performed a double-lung transplant on a patient with stage 4 lung cancer, marking at least the second such procedure. The transplant was part of a first-of-its-kind clinical program, although details of the program and the patient's condition are not entirely clear, with some reports mentioning a rare condition or "flipped organs" and others focusing on terminal lung cancer. The procedure reportedly involved keeping a patient alive without lungs for an extended period, with some outlets specifying 48 hours.