Research is being conducted on the use of zinc oxide thin films as electron transport layers in perovskite solar cells, with various studies exploring the effects of different dopants and growth conditions. The development of efficient and stable perovskite solar cells is a focus of these studies, with some investigations also considering the use of zinc oxide in other applications, such as quantum dot light-emitting diodes. The properties and performance of zinc oxide-based materials are being examined through experimental and numerical methods.