A study has examined fatal disseminated herpes zoster in immunocompetent individuals. However, reports also describe cases of disseminated varicella-zoster virus infection in patients with various underlying conditions, such as covid-19, aplastic anemia, and human immunodeficiency virus, as well as after vaccination with a live attenuated vaccine. The relationship between these factors and the risk of disseminated varicella-zoster virus infection is not clearly defined.