Research has found that lactic acid bacteria isolated from Tarkhineh have synergistic antimicrobial and probiotic activity against Candida albicans. Other studies have also explored the benefits of lactic acid bacteria, including their antifungal and anti-aflatoxigenic effects, as well as their potential to control dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and improve immune response. The effects of lactic acid bacteria and their derivatives are being investigated for various applications, including disease resistance and digestive health in different contexts.