Researchers are exploring various methods to predict the response of head and neck cancer to radiotherapy, including mathematical modeling of MRI-based habitats and other imaging techniques. Different studies are investigating the use of longitudinal plasma nano-proteomics, cone-beam CT delta-radiomics, and other approaches to identify predictive biomarkers of treatment efficacy and toxicity. The effectiveness of these methods in predicting treatment outcomes is being examined in several studies, although one related article has been retracted.