Researchers are studying the effects of nonpharmaceutical interventions, such as lockdowns, on the dynamics of endemic infections, including covid-19 and other respiratory pathogens. The impact of these interventions on future infection rates appears to be complex and influenced by various factors, including immunity and herd immunity. The effectiveness of nonpharmaceutical interventions is still being examined and debated, with some studies suggesting potential long-term benefits, while others highlight uncertainty and inconsistency in the results.