Researchers have been studying the behavior of rebound viruses in HIV-1-infected humanized mice treated with antiretroviral drugs and CRISPR. The studies have identified unique molecular signatures in these rebound viruses, which may have implications for HIV elimination. However, the findings on the effectiveness of CRISPR in preventing resistance in HIV rebound are unclear, with some reports suggesting it does not drive resistance, while others highlight the complexity of viral persistence and the role of various factors in controlling HIV viraemia.