research on microRNAs in invertebrates suggests they may play a role in immune response, with certain microRNAs found to augment phagocytosis in oysters and other marine animals. the specific microRNAs and their targets appear to vary between species, with different microRNAs identified in studies of clams and sea cucumbers. the function of these microRNAs in immune response is still being studied, with some found to promote apoptosis resistance and cell migration, while others target specific components of the immune system.