Research is being conducted on the molecular pathology of non-small cell lung cancer, with studies focusing on topics such as label-free pathological subtyping, biomarker testing, and gene amplification. Advances in molecular pathology are being explored for their potential to improve therapy and treatment selection for the disease. The field appears to be evolving, with various studies and statements from working groups of thoracic pathologists aiming to optimize tissue stewardship and support personalized medicine.