Research suggests that a novel actin-Cdc42/Rac pathway is involved in toll-like receptor-stimulated phagocytosis, and this pathway may be activated independently of MyD88. The role of toll-like receptors in phagocytosis is being explored in various contexts, including immune response and microglial activation. The specifics of the pathway and its mechanisms are still being investigated, with studies examining the involvement of different components and regulators, such as CD14 and miRNA-133.